When app-incorporated diagnosis was used as a gold standard for 12 candidate criteria, 7 criteria showed significant accuracy (area under receiver operating characteristic curve > 0.7) and were constructed as app-incorporated diagnostic criteria, which demonstrated remarkable accuracy (92.4%) for app-incorporated diagnosis. In addition, the app-recorded data were pooled as a score to predict smartphone addiction diagnosis. The app-incorporated diagnosis was further used to build app-incorporated diagnostic criteria. For each participant, psychiatrists made a diagnosis for smartphone addiction based on 2 approaches: (1) only diagnostic interview (standard diagnosis) and (2) both diagnostic interview and app-recorded data ( app-incorporated diagnosis). Smartphone use data of 79 college students were recorded by a newly developed app for 1 month between December 1, 2013, and May 31, 2014. This study aimed to incorporate application ( app)-recorded data into psychiatric criteria for the diagnosis of smartphone addiction and to examine the predictive ability of the app-recorded data for the diagnosis of smartphone addiction. The current diagnosis of smartphone addiction is based solely on information from clinical interview. Global smartphone expansion has brought about unprecedented addictive behaviors. Lin, Yu-Hsuan Lin, Po-Hsien Chiang, Chih-Lin Lee, Yang-Han Yang, Cheryl C H Kuo, Terry B J Lin, Sheng-Hsuan Incorporation of Mobile Application ( App) Measures Into the Diagnosis of Smartphone Addiction. Our study suggests the identification of smartphone addiction by diagnostic interview and via the App-generated parameters with EMD analysis. The psychiatrists' assisted self-reporting use time is significant lower than and the recorded total smartphone use time via the App and the degree of underestimation was positively correlated with actual smartphone use. We quantify excessive use by daily use duration and frequency, as well as the relationship between the tolerance symptoms and the trend for the median duration of a use epoch.
The daily use count and the trend of this frequency are associated with smartphone addiction. We used a novel empirical mode decomposition (EMD) to delineate the trend in smartphone use over one month. We report a proposed diagnostic criteria and the designing of a mobile application ( App) to identify smartphone addiction. Global smartphone penetration has brought about unprecedented addictive behaviors. Lin, Yu-Hsuan Lin, Yu-Cheng Lee, Yang-Han Lin, Po-Hsien Lin, Sheng-Hsuan Chang, Li-Ren Tseng, Hsien-Wei Yen, Liang-Yu Yang, Cheryl C H Kuo, Terry B J
Time distortion associated with smartphone addiction: Identifying smartphone addiction via a mobile application ( App).
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